Overview
Reviewed by Joe Maloney, M.D.
Anticoagulants, or blood thinners, are medicines that reduce blood clotting. Blood clots can lead to major complications, such as stroke and vessel obstruction. Anticoagulants are administered intravenously or by mouth.
Detailed Description
Anticoagulants are used to treat and prevent complications resulting from heart defects, heart valve replacements, complicated surgeries, and other conditions. Also called blood thinners, they counteract the clotting effect of the blood.
Blood thinners are given to patients in one of three ways. The first is orally, or by mouth. The two most common oral medications are aspirin and warfarin (Coumadin). Aspirin is used for many other purposes (pain, reduction in risk of certain diseases, etc.), and is less likely to cause bleeding problems. Some people notice that it upsets their stomach, however. Warfarin is stronger and tends to make patients more susceptible to bleeding. You may need to limit physical activity to prevent potential injuries, and alert your doctor if you notice more frequent bruising, bleeding gums or bloody noses. Be sure to speak with your cardiologist and obstetrician before deciding whether to take this drug during pregnancy.
Some blood thinners are given to patients via an IV in the arm – the most popular of which is heparin. The intravenous method is used in hospitals, and the effect is not as long-lasting as with oral anticoagulants. The third way you may receive a blood thinner is by injection, or subcutaneously. Subcutaneous injection is often elected when the patient needs treatment for a long period of time.
Discuss other medications that you are taking concurrently with your doctor, including vitamins and herbs. He or she will advise you on any food or drug interactions, and will monitor your blood levels to assure the correct amount of anticoagulation on a periodic basis. It is crucial to your health and well-being that you follow your doctor’s orders. At the same time, don’t be afraid to ask questions and voice concerns.
Last updated: 15-Mar-07
